2026 race · follow the money
Georgia U.S. House District 1
14 filings report $11M raised, and outside groups reported $1.9M in independent spending for or against them. Compare where each campaign's money came from and who spent to help or hurt it.
The count.
Checking the election sources…
Side by side.
Raised excludes transfers between a candidate's own committees. Shares are of that total. Filings appear in order of money raised; this includes primary candidates who are no longer running.
| Candidate | Raised | Individuals | PACs | Own money | Spent | Cash | Outside for | Outside against |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earl Leroy CarterRepublican · Filed as incumbent | $6.7M | 29% | 17% | 52% | $10M | $59K | — | — |
| James Morris KingstonRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $2.4M | 83% | 17% | 0% | $2.1M | $270K | $1.9M | — |
| Patrick K. FarrellRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $663K | 25% | <0.1% | 75% | $663K | $0 | — | — |
| Amanda HollowellDemocrat · Filed for an open seat | $265K | 83% | 3% | 12% | $215K | $50K | — | — |
| Brian Allen MontgomeryRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $249K | 88% | 3% | 8% | $249K | $0 | — | — |
| Michael McCordDemocrat · Filed for an open seat | $225K | 42% | 0% | 58% | $59K | $147K | — | — |
| Eugene Chin YuRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $143K | 100% | 0% | 0% | $152K | $32K | — | — |
| Kandiss TaylorRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $130K | 90% | 0% | 10% | $130K | $0 | — | — |
| Patrick WilverDemocrat · Filed for an open seat | $70K | 90% | 0% | 5% | $70K | $0 | — | — |
| Joyce Marie GriggsDemocrat · Filed for an open seat | $40K | 18% | 0% | 80% | $40K | $17 | — | — |
| Krista PennRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $21K | 63% | 5% | 32% | $19K | $2,823 | — | — |
| Monte, Eugene, Gee T MonteleoneRepublican · Filed for an open seat | $18K | 21% | 0% | 79% | $5,478 | $1,410 | — | — |
| Randy ZurcherDemocrat · Filed for an open seat | $12K | 99.1% | 0% | 0.8% | $12K | $0 | — | — |
| Sharon Stokes-WilliamsonDemocrat · Filed for an open seat | $6,835 | 59% | 0% | 41% | $6,835 | $5 | — | — |
Who spent from outside.
The largest independent spenders in this race, summed from each candidate's five largest spenders on each side.
- AMERICAN MISSION$960K for James Morris Kingston
- DEFEND AMERICAN JOBS$431K for James Morris Kingston
- CLUB FOR GROWTH ACTION$275K for James Morris Kingston
- GEORGIA FIRST ACTION PAC$169K for James Morris Kingston
- CONSERVATIVES FOR AMERICAN EXCELLENCE INC.$51K for James Morris Kingston
Each campaign.
Sitting member of Congress · Earl L. "Buddy" Carter
In the U.S. House (GA-1) since 2015 · current term ends Jan 3, 2027
- Recorded yea or nay on 24 of the 24 key House floor votes captured in Hugin's snapshot
- 2 committees: Budget, Energy and Commerce · 3 subcommittees
- 295 committees reported contributions to them this cycle · 1 committee reported outside spending for or against them
Linked to this filing by its exact FEC candidate ID (H4GA01039) in the congress-legislators roster of Oct 21, 2026. Votes are one key floor vote per bill on bills named in contractor lobbying reports (Oct 29, 2026); committee seats are the roster as of Oct 24, 2026; money counts are FEC reports for 2026 as of Oct 24, 2026. These are what Hugin's snapshots captured, not complete records, and none of them is a score or evidence of motive.
- Raised
- $6.7M
- Spent
- $10M
- Cash on hand
- $59K
- Debts
- $3.5M
- Individuals 29% $1.9M
- PACs & other committees 17% $1.1M
- Candidate's own money & loans 52% $3.5M
- Other receipts 2% $129K
Campaign totals through Sep 30, 2026. Excludes $635K moved between the candidate's own committees.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Largest direct PAC contributions
Where the money went $9.7M in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 74% $7.2M
- Consultants & strategy 12% $1.2M
- Staff & payroll 0.7% $65K
- Fundraising & processing fees 5% $510K
- Polling, research & data 4% $384K
- Travel, meals & events 0.8% $78K
- Office, technology & overhead 1% $119K
- Legal & compliance 0.4% $42K
- Contributions, transfers & refunds <0.1% $2,750
- Other or unclassified 1% $120K
Largest payees
- STRATEGIC MEDIA PLACEMENT INC. $6.2M
- BIG DOG STRATEGIES LLC $1.1M
- TARGETED VICTORY $651K
- FUNDRAISING, INC. $253K
- NATIONAL RESEARCH INC. $197K
Paid to individuals: $176K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Jan 3, 2025 to Jun 30, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (530 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $2.4M
- Spent
- $2.1M
- Cash on hand
- $270K
- Individuals 83% $2.0M
- PACs & other committees 17% $406K
- Other receipts <0.1% $75
Campaign totals through Oct 14, 2026.
Outside groups: $1.9M supporting · $0 opposing
Biggest spenders supporting
- AMERICAN MISSION $960K
- DEFEND AMERICAN JOBS $431K
- CLUB FOR GROWTH ACTION $275K
Largest direct PAC contributions
Where the money went $1.4M in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $1.4M of the $2.1M the campaign reported spending through Oct 14, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Jun 30, 2026.
- Advertising & outreach 60% $867K
- Consultants & strategy 13% $191K
- Fundraising & processing fees 9% $126K
- Polling, research & data 4% $55K
- Travel, meals & events 4% $55K
- Office, technology & overhead 1% $18K
- Legal & compliance 4% $57K
- Contributions, transfers & refunds 0.1% $1,000
- Other or unclassified 5% $78K
Largest payees
- MEDIA AD VENTURES $564K
- THE POLITICAL FIRM $326K
- DICKEY STRATEGIC RELATIONS, LLC $105K
- PJRH CONSULTING, LLC $60K
- PULSE DECISION SCIENCE $49K
Paid to individuals: $111K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Jun 17, 2025 to Jun 30, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (364 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $663K
- Spent
- $663K
- Cash on hand
- $0
- Individuals 25% $163K
- PACs & other committees <0.1% $250
- Candidate's own money & loans 75% $500K
Campaign totals through Jun 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $640K in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 70% $445K
- Consultants & strategy 9% $60K
- Fundraising & processing fees 5% $31K
- Polling, research & data 5% $34K
- Travel, meals & events 7% $43K
- Office, technology & overhead 0.8% $5,069
- Legal & compliance 3% $22K
Largest payees
- COLDSPARK $212K
- REDLINE MEDIA $184K
- LANDMARK COMMUNICATIONS, INC. $82K
- RAGNAR RESEARCH PARTNERS LLC $34K
- BREAKPOINT MEDIA LLC $25K
Paid to individuals: $26K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated May 19, 2025 to May 19, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (93 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $265K
- Spent
- $215K
- Cash on hand
- $50K
- Debts
- $37K
- Individuals 83% $220K
- PACs & other committees 3% $7,750
- Candidate's own money & loans 12% $33K
- Other receipts 2% $4,419
Campaign totals through Oct 14, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Largest direct PAC contributions
- HOLD THE LINE $2,000
Where the money went $150K in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $150K of the $215K the campaign reported spending through Oct 14, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Jun 30, 2026.
- Advertising & outreach 11% $16K
- Consultants & strategy 42% $63K
- Staff & payroll 7% $10K
- Fundraising & processing fees 7% $10K
- Travel, meals & events 1% $1,853
- Office, technology & overhead 3% $4,990
- Legal & compliance 7% $11K
- Other or unclassified 22% $33K
Largest payees
- PIVOT $9,515
- COMMUNITY LABOR $9,387
- TRIDENT STRATEGIES $8,328
- SOLE STRATEGIES $6,000
- DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF GEORGIA $5,220
Paid to individuals: $73K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Aug 2, 2025 to Jun 30, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (245 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $249K
- Spent
- $249K
- Cash on hand
- $0
- Individuals 88% $219K
- PACs & other committees 3% $8,500
- Candidate's own money & loans 8% $21K
Campaign totals through Jun 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Largest direct PAC contributions
- MISSION FIRST PEOPLE ALWAYS PAC $5,000
- HELLFIRE PAC $2,500
- THIS WE'LL DEFEND PAC $1,000
Where the money went $232K in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 22% $50K
- Consultants & strategy 21% $48K
- Staff & payroll 20% $47K
- Fundraising & processing fees 2% $5,282
- Travel, meals & events 15% $35K
- Office, technology & overhead 3% $5,985
- Legal & compliance 13% $30K
- Contributions, transfers & refunds 4% $9,623
- Other or unclassified 0.8% $1,789
Largest payees
- JLK (SEAN PUMPHREY) $47K
- JLK STRATEGIES $36K
- PATCHWORK CREATIVE LLC $29K
- PROFESSIONAL DATA SERVICES $18K
- DIVERSE NEW MEDIA, CORP $12K
Paid to individuals: $57K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Jul 10, 2025 to Jun 1, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (175 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $225K
- Spent
- $59K
- Cash on hand
- $147K
- Debts
- $130K
- Individuals 42% $95K
- Candidate's own money & loans 58% $130K
Campaign totals through Mar 31, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Largest direct PAC contributions
Where the money went $59K in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 61% $36K
- Staff & payroll 3% $1,500
- Fundraising & processing fees 6% $3,500
- Travel, meals & events 14% $8,000
- Office, technology & overhead 12% $7,109
- Other or unclassified 5% $3,089
Largest payees
- TAYLOR OVERHAUL WITH TAY9 DESIGNA $17K
- FRIENDS OF MICHAEL MCCORD $8,800
- META PLATFORMS INC. $7,500
- LULU CHOCLATE BAR $3,500
- WIX WEBSITE $3,500
Paid to individuals: $10K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Jul 31, 2025 to Mar 26, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (20 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $143K
- Spent
- $152K
- Cash on hand
- $32K
- Debts
- $61K
- Individuals 100% $143K
Campaign totals through Sep 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $152K in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 29% $43K
- Consultants & strategy 19% $28K
- Staff & payroll 10% $15K
- Fundraising & processing fees 6% $8,508
- Travel, meals & events 26% $39K
- Office, technology & overhead 10% $15K
- Legal & compliance 0.7% $1,000
- Contributions, transfers & refunds 0.7% $1,080
Largest payees
- EUGENE YU FOR CONGRESS DISTRICT 7 $150K
Paid to individuals: $2,000, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Aug 2, 2025 to Apr 29, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (57 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $130K
- Spent
- $130K
- Cash on hand
- $0
- Individuals 90% $116K
- Candidate's own money & loans 10% $14K
Campaign totals through Sep 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $103K in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $103K of the $130K the campaign reported spending through Sep 30, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Jun 25, 2026.
- Advertising & outreach 46% $47K
- Fundraising & processing fees 10% $11K
- Polling, research & data 5% $5,220
- Travel, meals & events 34% $36K
- Office, technology & overhead 0.4% $408
- Legal & compliance 0.3% $300
- Contributions, transfers & refunds 1% $1,255
- Other or unclassified 3% $2,775
Largest payees
- TEL LLC $15K
- GARDNER PRINTING $14K
- STAR COACHES $13K
- KANDISS TAYLOR FOR GEORGIA $9,900
- GAGOP $5,220
Paid to individuals: $18K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Jun 4, 2025 to Jun 25, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (78 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $70K
- Spent
- $70K
- Cash on hand
- $0
- Debts
- $28
- Individuals 90% $64K
- Candidate's own money & loans 5% $3,331
- Other receipts 5% $3,361
Campaign totals through Oct 13, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $64K in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 80% $51K
- Fundraising & processing fees 0.9% $546
- Polling, research & data 1% $650
- Travel, meals & events 4% $2,758
- Office, technology & overhead 4% $2,349
- Other or unclassified 10% $6,635
Largest payees
- GEORGIA FEDERAL ELECTIONS COMMITTEE $5,220
- IHEARTMEDIA $5,011
- GRAY MEDIA $4,998
- TRAILHEAD MEDIA $3,635
- CELEBRITEES $3,592
Paid to individuals: $9,504, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Mar 3, 2026 to Sep 28, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (75 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $40K
- Spent
- $40K
- Cash on hand
- $17
- Debts
- $117K
- Individuals 18% $7,237
- Candidate's own money & loans 80% $32K
- Other receipts 2% $844
Campaign totals through Sep 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $35K in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $35K of the $40K the campaign reported spending through Sep 30, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Jun 30, 2026.
- Advertising & outreach 61% $21K
- Consultants & strategy 24% $8,561
- Office, technology & overhead 2% $753
- Legal & compliance 2% $713
- Other or unclassified 11% $3,688
Largest payees
- VISTA PRINT $4,048
- TEXT BY CHOICE $3,589
- LKJ CONSULTING $2,757
- DOPE MARKETING $2,548
- VICTORY COMPANY $1,521
Paid to individuals: $16K, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Feb 6, 2026 to Jun 30, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (64 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $21K
- Spent
- $19K
- Cash on hand
- $2,823
- Individuals 63% $14K
- PACs & other committees 5% $1,000
- Candidate's own money & loans 32% $6,890
Campaign totals through Sep 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $15K in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $15K of the $19K the campaign reported spending through Sep 30, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Jun 30, 2026.
- Advertising & outreach 52% $7,945
- Fundraising & processing fees 0.1% $17
- Travel, meals & events 7% $1,091
- Office, technology & overhead 6% $883
- Legal & compliance 34% $5,230
- Contributions, transfers & refunds 2% $250
Largest payees
- GEORGIA REPUBLICAN PARTY INC. $5,230
- IMPRINT NETBRAND MEDIA CORPS $2,676
- RMC - MCSHANE LLC $2,056
- STICKER MULE $1,003
- META PLATFORMS, INC. $885
Paid to individuals: $1,391, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Jun 29, 2025 to Jun 30, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (35 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $18K
- Spent
- $5,478
- Cash on hand
- $1,410
- Debts
- $10K
- Individuals 21% $3,752
- Candidate's own money & loans 79% $14K
Campaign totals through Apr 28, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $4,655 in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $4,655 of the $5,478 the campaign reported spending through Apr 28, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Dec 30, 2025.
- Fundraising & processing fees 0.2% $11
- Travel, meals & events 10% $477
- Office, technology & overhead 58% $2,693
- Other or unclassified 32% $1,474
Largest payees
- USPS $1,482
- USPS JACKSONVILLE $484
- BELKS $299
- WALGREENS - WAYCROSS $177
Paid to individuals: $2,214, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Dec 3, 2025 to Dec 30, 2025, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (14 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $12K
- Spent
- $12K
- Cash on hand
- $0
- Individuals 99.1% $12K
- Candidate's own money & loans 0.8% $100
Campaign totals through Jun 30, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $12K in itemized spending
- Advertising & outreach 23% $2,712
- Travel, meals & events 13% $1,515
- Office, technology & overhead 2% $217
- Legal & compliance 45% $5,220
- Other or unclassified 17% $1,910
Largest payees
- DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF GEORGIA $5,220
- JUST YARD SIGNS $647
- COASTAL COURIER $325
- BRUNSWICK NEWS PUBLISHING $315
- ARTIST PROOF COLLECTIVE $265
Paid to individuals: $4,337, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Aug 18, 2025 to May 26, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (16 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
- Raised
- $6,835
- Spent
- $6,835
- Cash on hand
- $5
- Individuals 59% $4,035
- Candidate's own money & loans 41% $2,800
Campaign totals through Jun 22, 2026.
No independent expenditures for or against this filing are itemized in the bulk file.
Where the money went $6,056 in itemized spending
These itemized payments cover $6,056 of the $6,835 the campaign reported spending through Jun 22, 2026. The FEC has not yet itemized the rest in its bulk file, which runs to Apr 24, 2026.
- Advertising & outreach 11% $636
- Office, technology & overhead 86% $5,220
- Legal & compliance 3% $200
Largest payees
- GEORGIA SECRETARY OF STATE ELECTION DIVISION $5,220
- SIGNS ON THE CHEAP $636
Paid to individuals: $200, such as staff, contractors and reimbursements. People who were paid are not named here.
Payments dated Feb 27, 2026 to Apr 24, 2026, as itemized by the principal campaign committee in FEC reports (3 entries). Every payment on FEC.gov ↗
Grouped by each campaign's own description of the payment, so the groups are approximate. Payments of $200 or less to one payee need not be itemized, detail filed only as memo entries counts under other or unclassified, and spending by the candidate's other committees or by outside groups is not included. A payment is not evidence of a favor or wrongdoing.
Also registered for this seat, with no campaign summary or outside spending in the bulk file: Joseph Palimeno, Defonsio Daniels, Dylan Castillo.
Use this race.
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FEC bulk data read November 4, 2026. Campaign totals come from each filing's own FEC summary through its latest processed report. Outside spending is independent expenditures itemized in committee reports in the FEC bulk files, primaries included; late 24- and 48-hour reports, party coordinated spending, communication costs and groups that do not report to the FEC are not included. Outside spending is, by law, made without coordinating with the candidate, and it is not the candidate's money. A contribution or expenditure is not evidence of a vote, favor or wrongdoing.
